Abstract
Comment
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Oral
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IAMAS
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JMP09 - El Nino/Southern Oscillation and its Global and Regional Impacts
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Amplified El Nino-induced Global SST Variability in a Warming World
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1. Seung-Jae Hong*, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
2. Jong-Seong Kug, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
3. Geon-Il Kim, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea
4. Tomoki Iwakiri, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul,South Korea / Faculty of Core Research Natural Science Division,Ochanomizu University,Tokyo,Japan
*Presenting Author
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El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a prominent interannual climate variability with global implications that exerts a significant influence on remote regions. In a warming climate, sea surface temperatures (SST) in the equatorial Pacific are expected to increase in an El Ni?o-like pattern, altering the characteristics of ENSO and its associated teleconnections. Understanding how these teleconnections might evolve in a future climate is crucial to understanding future interannual climate patterns. In this study, we investigate the relationship between ENSO and global SST. To assess the global SST response to ENSO and identify the underlying mechanisms, we compare the ENSO impacts on SST utilizing the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and the Community Earth System Model 1 (CESM1). In both the CESM1 large-ensemble and CMIP6 34 models, we found a significant enhancement of SST response to ENSO globally, which is attributed to the changes in the ENSO-induced surface latent heat flux and climatological air-sea humidity difference. The changes in the equatorial Pacific mean-state amplify ENSO-rainfall variability in equatorial Pacific, leading to stronger anomalous atmospheric circulation, indicating an intensified wind-evaporation relationship. Furthermore, the air-sea humidity difference is much stronger compared to present climate, implies that the evaporation becomes more sensitive to wind speed.